SMART CONTRACT BERBASIS BLOCKCHAIN DALAM KEUANGAN SYARIAH: PELUANG, TANTANGAN, DAN ISU KEPATUHAN SYARIAH

Abstract

The development of blockchain technology has opened significant opportunities for transforming Islamic financial services, particularly through the implementation of smart contracts as automated, secure, transparent, and efficient transactional tools. This article analyzes the potential application of blockchain-based smart contracts within the Islamic finance sector by examining emerging opportunities, challenges, and Sharia compliance issues. Using a qualitative method grounded in literature analysis, this study explores how blockchain characteristics—such as decentralization, immutability, and trustless mechanisms—can support Sharia principles, including the prohibition of riba, gharar, and maysir. The findings indicate that smart contracts enhance trust and transactional efficiency, yet still face obstacles such as immature regulatory frameworks, limited digital Sharia standardization, and technical risks within blockchain code and protocols. The discussion highlights the necessity for collaboration between scholars and technology experts to formulate fiqh guidelines suited for the digital era. Thus, this article provides insights into the future development of Sharia-compliant smart contracts as a foundation for a more adaptive and innovative Islamic financial ecosystem.